The Charlottesville Fire Department has its primary responsibility to the citizens of Charlottesville. Charlottesville is 10 square miles with a population of approximately 40,000. The University of Virginia student population adds another 20,000 when school is in full session. In addition, the fire department provides contractual fire protection for the County of Albemarle and the University of Virginia. Contractual services to Albemarle County are provided as a supplementary response to an efficient volunteer and career Fire/EMS system.

The Charlottesville Fire Department also dispatches fire/first responder calls for Charlottesville and the University of Virginia.

The Charlottesville Fire Department's daily operations include 5 engine companies, 1 ladder company, and one Battalion Chief.